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Neisseria gonorrhoeae Population Genomics: Use of the Gonococcal Core Genome to Improve Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance.

March 12, 2020

Odile B Harrison, Ana Cehovin, Jessica Skett, Keith A Jolley, Paola Massari, Caroline Attardo Genco, Christoph M Tang, Martin C J Maiden

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, jiaa002
PMID: 32163580 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa002

Abstract

Background
Gonorrhea, caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is a globally prevalent sexually transmitted infection. The dynamics of gonococcal population biology have been poorly defined due to a lack of resolution in strain typing methods.

Methods

In this study, we assess how the core genome can be used to improve our understanding of gonococcal population structure compared with current typing schemes.

Results
A total of 1668 loci were identified as core to the gonococcal genome. These were organized into a core genome multilocus sequence typing scheme (N gonorrhoeae cgMLST v1.0). A clustering algorithm using a threshold of 400 allelic differences between isolates resolved gonococci into discrete and stable core genome groups, some of which persisted for multiple decades. These groups were associated with antimicrobial genotypes and non-overlapping NG-STAR and NG-MAST sequence types. The MLST-STs were more widely distributed among core genome groups.

Conclusions
Clustering with cgMLST identified globally distributed, persistent, gonococcal lineages improving understanding of the population biology of gonococci and revealing its population structure. These findings have implications for the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in gonococci and how this is associated with lineages, some of which are more predisposed to developing antimicrobial resistance than others.

 

Source: https://academic.oup.com/jid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/infdis/jiaa002/5804212